Cell Theory
All living things are made of cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells come from pre-existing cells. Prokaryotes (bacteria) have no nucleus; eukaryotes (plants, animals, fungi) have a membrane-bound nucleus.
Key Organelles
Cell membrane — controls what enters/exits. All cells.
Nucleus — contains DNA; "control center." Eukaryotes only.
Mitochondria — produces energy (ATP); "powerhouse."
Ribosomes — build proteins; all cells.
Chloroplasts — photosynthesis; plant cells only.
Cell wall — rigid support layer; plant cells only.
Vacuole — storage; large in plants, small in animals.