Lesson 6 of 12

➗ Introduction to Division

🎯 3rd Grade ⏱ ~25 minutes 🟡 Intermediate

What You'll Learn

  • What division means (equal sharing)
  • How division and multiplication are related
  • How to use known facts to divide

Division Is Equal Sharing

Division means splitting a number into equal groups. If you have 12 cookies and want to share them equally among 3 friends, each friend gets 12 ÷ 3 = 4 cookies.

The parts of a division problem:

  • Dividend — the number being divided (12)
  • Divisor — how many groups (3)
  • Quotient — the answer, how many in each group (4)
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Use Multiplication to Divide

Division and multiplication are inverse operations — they undo each other. To find 28 ÷ 4, ask yourself: “4 times what equals 28?” You know 4 × 7 = 28, so 28 ÷ 4 = 7!

Two Ways to Think About Division

  • Equal groups: 20 ÷ 4 → put 20 things into 4 equal groups → 5 in each group
  • Repeated subtraction: How many times can you subtract 4 from 20? 20→16→12→8→4→0 = 5 times. So 20 ÷ 4 = 5.

Use the interactive tool below. Count the dots in each group to find the quotient!

Quick Check

1. 18 ÷ 3 = ?

A5
B6
C9

2. Which multiplication fact helps you solve 35 ÷ 5?

A5 × 6 = 30
B5 × 7 = 35
C5 × 8 = 40

3. What is the quotient in 24 ÷ 6 = 4?

A24
B6
C4