Lesson 2: Pushes and Pulls (Forces)
A force is a push or a pull. Forces make things move, stop, or change direction. Engineers think about forces when designing anything — bridges, cars, buildings, or playground equipment.
Key Concepts
Push and Pull
A push moves something away from you. A pull brings something toward you. Throwing a ball is a push. Opening a door is a pull. Both are forces!
Gravity
Gravity is a force that pulls everything down toward the Earth. It is why things fall when you drop them. Engineers always have to fight gravity — buildings, bridges, and airplanes all need to overcome it.
Friction
Friction is a force that slows things down when surfaces rub together. Car brakes use friction to stop. Smooth surfaces have less friction (like ice). Rough surfaces have more (like sandpaper).
🆕 Force Simulator
Apply forces to the ball! See how push, pull, and gravity interact.
✅ Check Your Understanding
1. What is a force?
2. What does gravity do?
3. What is friction?