Systems of Equations

Lesson 7 of 10Grades 8–9

A system of equations is two or more equations with the same variables. The solution is the point (x, y) that satisfies BOTH equations simultaneously — where the lines intersect. Systems can be solved by graphing, substitution, or elimination.

Key Concepts

Solving by Substitution

Solve one equation for one variable, substitute into the other. y = 2x + 1 and 3x + y = 16. Substitute: 3x + (2x+1) = 16 → 5x+1=16 → x=3. Then y=2(3)+1=7. Solution: (3, 7).

Solving by Elimination

Add or subtract equations to eliminate one variable. 2x + y = 10 and x − y = 2. Add them: 3x = 12 → x = 4. Substitute: 4 − y = 2 → y = 2. Solution: (4, 2). Multiply one equation to make coefficients match before eliminating.

Types of Solutions

One solution: lines intersect at one point (different slopes). No solution: lines are parallel (same slope, different intercept). Infinite solutions: same line (same slope and intercept). A system of linear equations always has one of these three outcomes.

🆕 System of Equations Solver

Enter two lines. See where they intersect!

✅ Check Your Understanding

1. The solution to a system of two equations is...

2. Two lines with the same slope but different y-intercepts have...

3. In elimination, the goal is to...